Body mass index in patients with tuberculosis as a starting point in the follow-up of a control program, Medellín (Colombia), 2020 to 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33610/28059611.161Keywords:
tuberculosis, body mass index, malnutrition, spatial analysis, nutritional statusAbstract
Introduction. Establishing a nutritional baseline for patients with tuberculosis is important to guide programs for its control. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status, in terms of body mass index, of individuals diagnosed with tuberculosis and to describe the individual and contextual variables associated with underweight cases. Methodology. A retrospective study was conducted, including measurement of body mass index of patients enrolled in the tuberculosis control program. The spatial scan statistic, under the Poisson model, was used to detect areas with higher-than-expected concentrations of severe underweight tuberculosis cases between 2020 and 2022. Results. A total of 4 232 tuberculosis patients were studied, with 29,2 % classified as underweight, of which 30,5 % were in the severe underweight category. In contrast, 70,8 % of patients in the district’s tuberculosis program were of normal weight or overweight. Heterogeneous distribution patterns were observed, with clusters of underweight tuberculosis cases located in areas with higher proportions of food-insecure households. A significant number of these patients reported low income and unemployment. Age, sex, previous and concomitant HIV were found to be significant factors for underweight in this patient group. Conclusions. A significant proportion of tuberculosis cases were underweight and faced limited access to nutritional resources.References
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