Characteristic of hepatitis A and the decrease in its incidence in children under seven years of age after vaccine implementation, Colombia 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33610/01229907.2019v1n1a2Keywords:
hepatitis A, Vaccination, Incidence, EpidemiologyAbstract
Introduction: Hepatitis A is an enterictransmitted viral infection that occurs worldwide, either sporadically or in epidemics, and tends to re-emerge periodically. Objective: to describe the demographic, social and epidemiological characteristics of the population exposed to hepatitis A in 2019 and to establish the impact of the introduction of the vaccine for this disease from 2013.
Materials and methods: descriptive study based on the information collected through the National Public Health Surveillance System (Sivigila); presenting the characteristics, incidence and trend of cases of hepatitis A. In order to evaluate the historical characteristics of the event, the Joinpoint methodology was used, taking into account the cases that occurred from 2007 to 2019.
Results: in 2019, 4 175 confirmed cases of hepatitis were reported; with the territorial entities of Antioquia, Barranquilla, Bogota, Casanare, Cundinamarca, Norte de Santander, Putumayo and Risaralda presenting the highest incidences; the 10 to 29 years age group contemplated 64,2 % of the cases (2 679); with the exception of the extreme age groups under one year and over sixty years, where a higher prevalence was observed in men than in women with 63,4 % (2 650). After the introduction of the hepatitis A vaccine with a single dose in one-year-old children, a decrease in the incidence of cases was observed in children aged 7 years or younger.
Conclusion: with the vaccination against hepatitis A virus introduced in the country in 2013, a decrease in cases in the general population has been achieved; nonetheless, it is observed that the age group from 10 to 29 years old is the most affected.
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